The geometric features in the system of decoration of the windows of the Ahmed Ibn Tulu mosque

Document Type : Original Article

Author

Art education , faculty of specific , Cairo university

Abstract

Windows are one of the important architectural elements and among the oldest, and man used them for lighting and ventilation and took care of developing them. The ancient Egyptian worked to connect the internal architectural space and the outer perimeter by making openings as upper side windows and then developed over the ages until the Islamic artist came, adding the Islamic character to architecture and developing the windows element beginning in the Umayyad era. And this vacuum gained a distinctive character in Islamic architecture
In the Islamic civilization, the artist tended to use artistic methods and forms of a special character for window decoration that are compatible with the concepts imposed by the Islamic civilization, so it became a feature of its features and the geometric shapes that the artist dealt with in that era is considered one of the types of abstraction that he excelled in using after understanding the mathematical laws and engineering foundations that Underpin those shapes
Passers-by of the Tulunid Mosque (876-879 AD) are distinguished by the presence of windows in the four walls of the mosque, numbering 128 windows. The designer was able to innovate in the decoration of the windows of these windows and create very diverse decorative shapes that subjected them to the limits of geometry and mathematics, so we find unique shapes that were not Analogs from before and includes the characteristics of Islamic decoration such as repetition and symmetry, which is an essential feature in all Tulunid motifs and it is a repetition that one does not wish to follow, and the decorative element may disappear between similar elements, but it does not vanish, and the decorative units move and are fixed, renewed and extended to infinity.

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