Rereading Contemporary Architecture: Sustainability Approach

This paper claims that there are three main factors in shaping architecture, and that each of them has an impact on an architectural trend or a particular architectural movement. These three factors are (Naturalism - Mechanism - Expressionism), which arises as a result of modern scientific and philosophical theories. This paper aims to search for the reasons for the change and formation of architecture, as this research paper sees that physical factors are not the only factors that govern the formulation and formation of architecture. Therefore, the main idea of this thesis depends on the fact that modern scientific theories and the change in ideas and philosophies are one of the most important factors influencing the formation of architecture, which moves and develops in parallel paths with science and the change in paradigms. This paper also claims that modern scientific theories and philosophies create new terms (natural - mechanical - expressive) which are an influential factor in shaping architectural trends.

According to this hypothesis, the research will track contemporary architectural trends from the beginning of the twentieth century until now, in order to monitor and study the impact of these factors on the formulation and formation of contemporary architecture, and the classification of these architectural movements and trends because of their impact on these factors. The research will also attempt to prove this hypothesis by monitoring and analyzing these architectural movements and identifying the distinctive features of each of them, in order to determine the active and influencing factor in the formulation and formation of a particular architectural movement. In addition, this research will monitor comprehensive changes in architecture through a historical and inductive study to explore and classify architectural trends during a specific time period. Finally, the study concluded that these three factors are the main factors affecting the formulation and formation of different architectural styles and trends. Additionally, these three factors are combined in shaping and forming sustainable architecture, which mean that sustainable architecture is the climax of this combination.