Document Type : Original Article
Authors
1
Glass Department' Faculty of Applied Arts
2
glass department,faculty of applied arts ,helwan university,cairo,Egypt
Abstract
Arabic calligraphy is one of the most important arts of writing words and phrases, which uses the letters of the Arabic language consisting of twenty-eight letters in formation, and the Muslim artist mastered it with perfection and care to design and formulate his phrases. The intertwining of letters contributed to the design of many phrases, which gave them flexibility. Kufic calligraphy, Naskh calligraphy, Raq’ah calligraphy, Thuluth, Persian and Diwani, and each type of Arabic calligraphy has its rules and foundations on which the character’s lineage is based, which is a rich source of creativity, and through the practical study of the specialization of glass, which is considered one of the materials that have unique physical properties, and its production techniques vary widely and each technology has requirements And conditions that differ in their results from other techniques in terms of production stages and implementation steps. Through the research study, a set of design ideas were developed, which carry a set of artistic and aesthetic values for Arabic calligraphy with its multiplicity of formations, in an attempt to implement it with the raw glass. Thermoforming of glass, the technique of pouring molten glass into thermal moulds, the technique of pouring molten glass into metal molds Through it, multiple results were obtained, emphasizing the general features of each of the different glass techniques to determine the best results for the appearance of the surface of the resulting glass, the degree of its brightness, the appearance of its surface and its conformity to the design idea, as well as maintaining the proportions of letters and the relationship of parts and each other in an attempt to challenge the difficulty of glass techniques, which It takes many stages to complete, which requires many attempts, whether in the molds used or in the shape of the glass used, whether the glass used is crushed, broken glass, slices, or from the formation of molten glass, and each technique has results that distinguish it from others using different types of glass.
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