A Strategies for Utilizing Artificial Intelligence in the Sustainable Design of Architectural Façades.

As buildings increasingly respond to environmental, functional, and aesthetic challenges, architectural façades emerge as a vital interface between indoor comfort and external climatic conditions. This study proposes an integrated strategy for utilizing artificial intelligence (AI) in the sustainable design of façades, aiming to combine environmental performance, energy efficiency, and cultural expression. Digital simulation tools, computational modeling, and experimental design applications are used to explore how intelligent systems can support well-informed, multi-criteria design decisions.

Façades hold particular importance both environmentally and aesthetically, as they are often the most prominent and perceivable aspect of any building. They serve not only as physical enclosures but also as communicative surfaces that carry environmental and cultural messages. Façades can influence and be influenced by their surrounding context, becoming embedded in collective memory through their aesthetic, environmental, or social functions. Sustainable façades aim to reduce negative environmental impacts, minimize energy consumption, and enhance indoor environmental quality. Their roles include thermal regulation, light control, sound insulation, natural ventilation, and visual expression.

This research adopts a combined theoretical and practical methodology by developing a design matrix that links key sustainability goals—such as thermal reduction, enhancement of daylighting and ventilation, and integration of cultural identity—with smart systems and responsive materials. The practical part of the study translates these strategies into conceptual façade prototypes for eco-touristic hotel applications.

Siwa Oasis in Egypt was chosen as the case study due to its unique desert climate and rich cultural heritage. The application explores how adaptive façade strategies can respond to extreme solar exposure, accumulated heat, and the need to preserve local identity through low-maintenance and locally sourced materials. Additionally, the study investigates opportunities for integrating greenery and ecological systems within a desert environment.

Rather than quantitatively assessing energy or thermal performance, the study focuses on conceptual development and visual representation of responsive façade strategies. It aims to present a holistic design approach that merges traditional knowledge with innovative materials and AI-powered tools. The research reframes the façade as a dynamic and intelligent environmental interface—one that is sustainable, culturally resonant, and rooted in place-specific conditions.